Validación de un cuestionario para medir el conocimiento de los pacientes sobre sus medicamentos / Validation of a questionnaire to assess patient knowledge of their medicines

ObjetivoEl grado de conocimiento de los pacientes sobre sus medicamentos está altamente asociado a la mejora de su uso racional y de los resultados de la farmacoterapia. El objetivo del estudio ha sido diseñar y validar un cuestionario que mida el grado de conocimiento de los pacientes sobre los medicamentos.DiseñoA) Cuestionario: revisión bibliográfica, varias técnicas cualitativas (panel de expertos, tormenta de ideas, método Delphi) y pruebas piloto. B) Validación del cuestionario.EmplazamientoUna farmacia comunitaria de Málaga capital.ParticipantesPacientes que acudieron a la farmacia seleccionada solicitando un medicamento.Mediciones principalesSe determinó la capacidad discriminante de los ítems. Se evaluó la validez de contenido y de constructo (cálculo del coeficiente rho de Spearman-Brown y análisis factorial de componentes principales [AFCP]) y la fiabilidad mediante la determinación de la consistencia interna, la equivalencia (concordancia interobservadores) y su estabilidad (test-retest).ResultadosEl cuestionario definitivo, formado por 11 ítems que engloban las dimensiones del conocimiento halladas, se pasó a 102 pacientes (tasa de respuesta del 95,3%) con una edad media de 46,86 años (desviación estándar [DE]: 16,70).El tiempo medio de cumplimentación fue de 4,9min (DE: 2,2). El AFCP mostró una estructura probable de 4 factores, que en conjunto explicaban el 67% de la variancia total. El coeficiente rho de Spearman-Brown fue de 0,30 (p<0,05). El alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,677, el coeficiente kappa fue de 0,99 y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase fue de 0,745 (intervalo de confianza del 95%: 0,49 a 0,87).ConclusionesEl cuestionario diseñado es ágil, válido y fiable para medir el grado de conocimiento de los pacientes sobre los medicamentos que utilizan(AU)

ObjectivePatient knowledge of their medicines is closely associated to a better rational use of drugs, thus achieving better health outcomes from their use. The objective of this study is to design and validate a questionnaire to assess the level of knowledge patients have about their medicines.Design(A) Questionnaire: Literature review, some qualitative techniques (expert panel, brainstorming, Delphi method) and some pilot studies. (B) Questionnaire validation.SettingA community pharmacy in the city of Malaga.ParticipantsPatients attending the selected pharmacy, asking for at least one medicine.Main measurementsThe discriminant capacity of the items was assessed. Content and construct validity were analysed using the Spearman's Rho coefficient and Factor Analysis method. Reliability was assessed by measuring internal consistency, equivalence (inter-observer concordance) and test-retest reliability.ResultsThe final questionnaire, with 11 items explaining the different dimensions of knowledge found, was completed by 102 patients (a response rate of 95.3%) with a mean age of 46.6 years (SD 16.70). Mean time to complete it was 4.9min (SD 2.2). Factor analysis showed a probable structure of 4 factors explaining the 67% of the total variance. The Spearman-Brown Rho coefficient was 0.30 (p<0.05). Cronbach α was 0.677, Kappa's coefficient=0.99 and intra-class correlation coefficient=0.745 (95% CI: 0.49–0.87).ConclusionsThe designed questionnaire is dynamic, valid and reliable, being able to measure the level of patient knowledge on the medicines they use(AU)

[Validation of a questionnaire to assess patient knowledge of their medicines]. / Validación de un cuestionario para medir el conocimiento de los pacientes sobre sus medicamentos.

OBJECTIVE: Patient knowledge of their medicines is closely associated to a better rational use of drugs, thus achieving better health outcomes from their use. The objective of this study is to design and validate a questionnaire to assess the level of knowledge patients have about their medicines. DESIGN: (A) Questionnaire: Literature review, some qualitative techniques (expert panel, brainstorming, Delphi method) and some pilot studies. (B) Questionnaire validation. SETTING: A community pharmacy in the city of Malaga. PARTICIPANTS: Patients attending the selected pharmacy, asking for at least one medicine. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: The discriminant capacity of the items was assessed. Content and construct validity were analysed using the Spearman's Rho coefficient and Factor Analysis method. Reliability was assessed by measuring internal consistency, equivalence (inter-observer concordance) and test-retest reliability. RESULTS: The final questionnaire, with 11 items explaining the different dimensions of knowledge found, was completed by 102 patients (a response rate of 95.3%) with a mean age of 46.6 years (SD 16.70). Mean time to complete it was 4.9 min (SD 2.2). Factor analysis showed a probable structure of 4 factors explaining the 67% of the total variance. The Spearman-Brown Rho coefficient was 0.30 (p<0.05). Cronbach alpha was 0.677, Kappa's coefficient=0.99 and intra-class correlation coefficient=0.745 (95% CI: 0.49-0.87). CONCLUSIONS: The designed questionnaire is dynamic, valid and reliable, being able to measure the level of patient knowledge on the medicines they use.